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This narrative review summarizes icotrokinra, an oral macrocyclic IL-23-receptor antagonist, using literature through December 2025 plus conference, company and trial-registry sources. It reviews Phase 2–3 evidence; it is not a new trial or a current regulatory-status assessment.
DOI: 10.1007/s40257-026-01019-0
HitGen researchers describe a method for synthesizing DNA-encoded bicyclic peptides using cysteine-promoted cyclization and amide condensation under mild conditions. The abstract reports compatibility with varied sequences and ring sizes. This is discovery-platform chemistry, not evidence that the resulting peptides have oral exposure, clinical efficacy, or validated manufacturing-scale performance.
DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5c00455
A randomized phase 2 study evaluated oral JNJ-77242113, an IL-23 receptor antagonist peptide, against placebo for 16 weeks in plaque psoriasis. The study reported a dose-response relationship for skin improvement. This is candidate-specific human evidence; it does not establish oral bioavailability or clinical success for other cyclic peptides.
DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2308713