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RESEARCH GUIDE

Pharmaceutical Solid State: Screening, Structures, and Crystallization

Pharmaceutical Solid-State & Solid-Form Screening

This guide connects polymorph, salt, and cocrystal screening with crystallization, solid-state characterization, and structure determination. When reading a study or selecting a partner, identify the solid-state question first, then assess whether the method and deliverable support the project decision.

Questions to ask first

  • Does the study address polymorphs, hydrates, solvates, salts, or cocrystals, and is the sample identity clear?
  • What do screening, characterization, and structure determination each establish, and is complementary evidence needed?
  • Is the goal solid-form selection, a crystallization process, or particle-property improvement, and does the experimental scale match the development need?

Key terms

Solid-form screening
Experimental studies organized around categories such as polymorphs, hydrates, solvates, salts, and cocrystals.
Solid-state characterization
Analytical work to identify and compare solid-state attributes, distinguished from determining a complete crystal structure.
CSP
Crystal structure prediction, tracked here as a computational approach that can be connected with experimental research.

Evidence and scope

A single characterization result or computational prediction does not establish an exhaustive solid-form landscape. Laboratory improvements in dissolution, stability, or particle properties do not directly demonstrate clinical advantages. Preserve the sample history, test conditions, study scale, and scope of prediction validation when comparing results.

Technology snapshot: 2026-11-01 · Research methods

Recent developments

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Frontiers in Chemistry

Review examines cocrystal performance and barriers to clinical translation

A Frontiers in Chemistry review examines pharmaceutical cocrystals as a way to modify dissolution and related biopharmaceutical properties without changing an API's chemical identity. The abstract distinguishes solubility-limited BCS II drugs from permeability-limited BCS IV drugs. It highlights gastrointestinal instability, manufacturing reproducibility, coformer selection, and limited pharmacokinetic evidence. Much of the reported performance evidence remains preclinical.

AAPS Open

Compaction density reveals reversible urea polymorph changes under pressure

An AAPS Open study used a compaction simulator to track reversible density changes in urea between 600 and 900 MPa, consistent with its known form I-to-III transformation. The original abstract proposes in-die density monitoring as a material-sparing screen for pressure-induced phase changes. Applicability depends on a sufficiently large density difference; urea is the demonstrated model compound.

Companies in this field 24

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The first six companies in this field’s editorial order, not a separate selection or capability ranking. The full directory uses the same data and order.

Crystal Pharmatech

Focuses on solid-state R&D, including polymorph, salt, and cocrystal screening, crystallization process development, and structural characterization using complementary techniques.

Pharmaceutical solid state

Lonza

CDMO solid-state services can be contracted independently or integrated with API and drug product development, including salt and polymorph selection.

Pharmaceutical solid state

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